Grotto-Heavens and Blessed Lands, the Five Marchmounts and the four great Daoist mountains, historic temples and ancestral seats, cave sculpture, steles and murals, ruins and museums, plus temples in Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and overseas. Entries with coordinates appear on the map; filter by type, region or school.
The survey layer shows Daoist and Chinese folk-religion sites in mainland China mapped by the OpenStreetMap community (2,777 points with names and coordinates). These are map points only, without articles, and are kept distinct from this site's curated entries. According to the State Council Information Office white paper China's Policies and Practices on Protecting Freedom of Religious Belief (April 2018), mainland China has over 9,000 officially registered Daoist temples and more than 40,000 ordained clergy; that register, however, is not published in full (names and addresses are not publicly released). This layer is therefore not an official registry but the most complete open dataset currently available, covering roughly one third of the registered total.
The Taiwan layer comes from the public registry of the Ministry of the Interior's Department of Religious and Ceremonial Affairs: 12,422 total records, of which 9,816 are officially classified as Daoist. Of those, 9,405 have valid coordinates and are mapped; 411 with missing or invalid coordinates are omitted. This is the 2026-08-15 snapshot, retrieved and verified through an independent daily archive. Official dataset ↗
The mainland registry layer is compiled from the National Religious Affairs Administration public query system: 8,351 Daoist venues (Zhengyi 4,338 · Quanzhen 4,013), which together with the system’s 34,090 Buddhist venues exactly matches its 42,441 total. The records carry street addresses but no coordinates, so this site locates them offline against OpenStreetMap administrative centroids: 3,278 resolve to township level (roughly 5–10 km), 4,883 only to county level (roughly 20–30 km). The layer is therefore drawn as proportional circles aggregated by administrative unit — each circle sits at an administrative centroid, not at a temple’s actual location, and expands to list the venues within it. This is deliberate: pins would fake a precision the data does not have. Circle colour follows the lineage mix — redder for predominantly Zhengyi, greener for predominantly Quanzhen.
The Xuanwu layer merges three sources. Taiwan entries are identified from the Ministry of the Interior registry’s "principal deity" field (Xuantian Shangdi is Taiwan’s third most common principal deity); mainland and overseas entries can only be matched by temple name, since no deity field exists, and are therefore certainly undercounted (many Zhenwu temples are named Zushi Dian, Xuandi Gong or Shangdi Miao). Homonymous but distinct deities — Xietian Shangdi (Guan Yu), Baosheng Shangdi (Wu Ben), Yuhuang Shangdi (the Jade Emperor) — are excluded. The turtle-and-snake is Xuanwu’s own form: Wang Yi’s commentary on the Chuci glosses "Xuanwu means turtle and snake."
Sources for curated entries appear on their article pages. Mainland survey layer © OpenStreetMap (ODbL). The Taiwan registry layer is used under Taiwan's Open Government Data License 1.0. Defer to official local information for coordinates.
Mount Tai is foremost among the Five Marchmounts, anciently called Daizong or the Eastern Peak, and the site where successive emperors performed the Feng and Shan sacrifices to rep…
Dai Temple is the principal shrine for the sacrifice to the Great Emperor of the Eastern Peak (the god of Mount Tai), the site where successive emperors held the grand Feng and Sha…
Bixia Temple, atop Mount Tai, is the ancestral shrine for the worship of Bixia Yuanjun (popularly known as the Lady of Mount Tai or Old Granny of Mount Tai), and one of the most fl…
Mount Lao is known as 'the foremost mountain by the sea,' and in Daoism as 'the dwelling of immortals and the abode of the numinous and marvelous.' Tradition holds that Zhang Lianf…
Taiqing Palace is the largest and oldest Daoist temple on Mount Lao, also called Xiaqing Palace or Xiagong (the Lower Palace), enclosed by mountains on three sides and facing the s…
Mount Yunmen and Mount Tuo in Qingzhou are renowned for their Sui–Tang Buddhist rock-cut caves (designated a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level in 1…
Mount Kunyu is the cradle of Quanzhen Daoism. In the seventh year of the Dading reign of the Jin dynasty (1167), Wang Chongyang traveled east from the Zhongnan Mountains to Ninghai…
Penglai Pavilion was built in the sixth year of the Jiayou reign of the Northern Song (1061), standing atop Danya Hill in Penglai overlooking the sea, and is one of the 'Four Great…
Dongzhen Temple is located on Mount Wufeng in Changqing, Jinan. It was founded by the Quanzhen priest Qiu Zhiyuan during the Taihe reign of the Jin dynasty, granted the name 'Dongz…
Yuhuangding was originally named Yuhuang Ding ('Jade Emperor Summit'), taking its name from the Jade Emperor Temple built atop the hill in the Yuan dynasty; it was repeatedly resto…
Mount Hua is the Western Peak, renowned for its precipitous terrain, with five peaks standing in a ring; it has been a site of sacrifice to the marchmount and of reclusive cultivat…
Yuquan Temple stands at the mouth of the valley on the northern foot of Mount Hua, the starting point for ascending the mountain, and the principal temple of the Huashan Lineage of…
The Zhongnan Mountains are one of the birthplaces of Daoism and one of its sacred sites of eremitic cultivation, anciently called Nanshan, Taiyi Shan, or Zhongnan Shan, encompassin…
Louguantai is traditionally held to be the place where Yin Xi, keeper of Hangu Pass in the Zhou dynasty, built a thatched tower to observe the stars and watch for auspicious vapors…
Chongyang Palace is the burial place of Wang Chongyang, the patriarch of Quanzhen Daoism, and the foremost of the three great ancestral courts of Quanzhen (the other two being the …
The Eight Immortals Palace, popularly called the Baxian An, is Xi'an's largest Daoist temple and a public monastery (shifang conglin) of the Longmen Lineage of Quanzhen in the nort…
The City God Temple of Xi'an (Capital City God) was founded in the twentieth year of the Hongwu era of the Ming (1387). Since Xi'an prefecture was the fief of the Prince of Qin und…
The White Cloud Temple, Jiaxian, stands on Baiyun Mountain on the western bank of the Yellow River. It was founded in the thirty-third year of the Wanli era of the Ming (1605) by t…
The Jintai Temple stands on the southern slope of Lingyuan Mountain on the northern plateau of Baoji, where Zhang Sanfeng cultivated the Dao in the late Yuan and early Ming; the co…
The Stele Record of the Zongsheng Guan, Louguantai was erected in the ninth year of the Wude era of Tang (626), with the text composed and written in clerical script by Ouyang Xun …
Louguantai, also known as the Zongsheng Guan or "Ancient Louguan," is traditionally said to be the place where Yin Xi wove grass into a tower to observe the stars and where Laozi c…
The Stele of the Western Peak Huashan Temple was carved in clerical script in the eighth year of the Yanxi era of the Eastern Han (165); it originally stood at the Xiyue Temple in …
The Tang stone seated statue of Laojun held at the Xi'an Beilin Museum originally stood at the Laojun Temple on Mount Li in Lintong, Shaanxi, before being moved into the Beilin (Fo…
The Xi'an Beilin Museum has its origins in the Shaanxi Provincial History Museum, established in 1944; its collection of steles can be traced back to the Northern Song, and today h…
Mount Heng is the Southern Peak, its ridges extending across seventy-two summits; Buddhism and Daoism coexist there, and it is honored by all Three Teachings, earning it the epithe…
Nanyue Great Temple is the state sacrificial temple dedicated to the Sovereign Who Governs Heaven and Manifests Sagehood of the Southern Peak (the Sage Emperor of the Southern Peak…
Huangting Temple was built to commemorate Wei Huacun (Lady Wei), founding patriarch of the Shangqing School; tradition holds that in her later years Lady Wei cultivated the Dao for…
Yunlu Palace stands atop Yunlu Peak, the highest point of Yuelu Mountain; it was built in the 14th year of the Chenghua era of the Ming (1478) by Zhu Jianjun, Prince Ji Jian, and e…
Yueyang Tower's connection with Daoism comes from the legend of Lü Dongbin's "Three Drunken Visits to Yueyang Tower"; beside the tower stand the Sanzui (Three Drunken Visits) Pavil…
Mount Heng is the Northern Peak, anciently called Changshan or Xuanyue. From the Han to the Ming, sacrifices to the Northern Peak were mostly performed at Beiyue Temple in Quyang, …
The Yongle Palace, originally named the Da Chunyang Wanshou Palace, was built to commemorate Lü Dongbin at Yongle Town, his legendary native place, and together with the White Clou…
Chunyang Palace in Taiyuan, popularly known as the Lüzu Temple, is dedicated to Lü Dongbin. It was first built in the Yuan dynasty (some say the Song), rebuilt in the 25th year of …
Yuhuang Temple at Fucheng is a Daoist temple dedicated to the Jade Emperor, founded in the ninth year of the Xining era of the Northern Song (1076), rebuilt in the seventh year of …
The cult of the 'Two Immortals' (Erxian) is widespread in the Shangdang region of southeastern Shanxi; tradition holds that the two daughters of the Yue family attained the Dao dur…
Houtu Temple in Jiexiu is dedicated to 'Houtu, Empress of Earth, Who Carries Out the Mandate of Heaven and Embodies Its Law,' an important temple to Houtu, one of the Four Sovereig…
Houtu Shrine in Wanrong stands on the Fenyin Shui ('Water Bank') where the Fen River meets the Yellow River. In the fourth year of the Yuanding era of Emperor Wu of Han (113 BCE), …
North Wudang Mountain was anciently called Longwang Mountain (Dragon King Mountain); a Zhenwu shrine already existed there in the Tang dynasty, and in the Ming dynasty a large-scal…
Daoism in northern Shanxi centers on Mount Heng (the Northern Peak); within the city of Datong, the Chunyang Palace (Ming–Qing) and the Guandi Temple (with a Yuan-dynasty main hall…
The Stele of the Sacred Record of Qingtang Guan on Longjiaoshan of the Great Tang, known for short as the Stele of the Sacred Record, was erected in the ninth month of the seventee…
The Chaoyuan Tu is painted on the four walls of the Sanqing Hall at Yongle Gong, completed in the second year of the Taiding era of the Yuan (1325); it depicts a grand procession o…
The polychrome sculptures in the Hall of the Twenty-eight Lunar Mansions, on the west side of the third courtyard of Yuhuang Temple, Fucheng, are the pinnacle of Chinese Daoist ima…
Beiyue Temple at Quyang was the officially sanctioned temple where the god of Mount Heng, the Northern Peak, was sacrificed to by successive dynasties before the Shunzhi era of the…
Baodu Fortress is a noted mountain on the western outskirts of Shijiazhuang, its summit broad and level; tradition holds it to be the site of Han Xin, Marquis of Huaiyin's, celebra…
Wahuang Palace is dedicated to Nüwa, the goddess of creation, and is the largest architectural complex in China dedicated to her worship. During the reign of Emperor Wenxuan of Nor…
The most important Daoist remains in Hebei are the Beiyue Temple at Quyang (Yuan dynasty), Wahuang Palace in Shexian, and the Daodejing Stele-Pillar at Longxing Temple in Yixian (T…
The Daodejing Stele-Pillar at the Longxing Temple in Yixian is the most complete and largest surviving Tang-dynasty Daodejing stele-pillar in China. The inscription on the pillar's…
The Daodejing stele-pillar at Xingtai originally stood at the Longxing Temple in Xingzhou; it was erected on the fifth day of the eighth month of the twenty-seventh year of the Kai…
Mount Song is the Central Peak, made up of Mount Taishi and Mount Shaoshi, situated at the "Center of Heaven and Earth," and a major site of imperial sacrifice and of both Buddhism…
Zhongyue Temple is the state-sacrifice temple dedicated to the god of Mount Song, the Central Peak, and is one of the largest and best-preserved of the temples to the Five Sacred P…
Mount Wangwu is the foremost of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens of Daoism, the 'Heaven of Lesser Existence and Clear Emptiness.' Tradition holds that the Yellow Emperor once set up an…
The Yangtai Palace was built in the fifteenth year of the Kaiyuan era of the Tang (727) at a site selected by Sima Chengzhen on Mount Wangwu at the order of Emperor Xuanzong, who p…
Yuntai Mountain in Xiuwu, Henan, is known for its Taihang landscape of streams and cliffs and as the retreat of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove," and it was also a site of Dao…
Mount Yunmeng lies in the western part of Qi County and is traditionally held to be the place where Guiguzi (Wang Xu), the Warring States strategist of the School of Diplomacy, wit…
Baiyun Mountain in Songxian lies in the heartland of the Funiu Mountains; its main peak, Yuhuang Summit, is the highest point of the Funiu range, with a Yuhuang Pavilion built on t…
Taiqing Palace at Luyi is a memorial temple at the reputed birthplace of Laozi. In the eighth year of the Yanxi reign of the Eastern Han (165), Emperor Huan sent the palace attenda…
Mingdao Palace stands within the town of Luyi County, centered on the Laojun Terrace (Ascension Terrace). Tradition holds that Laozi lectured here and ascended to immortality on th…
Shangqing Palace in Luoyang is located on Cuiyun Peak of Mount Mang; tradition holds that Laozi once refined the elixir there. In the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, a Temple of …
Yanqing Temple was built to commemorate the transformation-departure (yuhua) of the Quanzhen patriarch Wang Chongyang in Kaifeng. In the tenth year of the Dading reign of the Jin (…
The Tang Imperial Daodejing Commentary Stele at the Taiqing Palace in Luyi bears Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's imperial commentary on the Daodejing, and is the earliest surviving impe…
The Song Stele on the Rebuilding of Taiqing Gong was erected in the seventh year of the Dazhong Xiangfu era of the Northern Song (1014), stands about 3.60 meters in total height, a…
The Stele of the Numinous Temple of Songgao at the Central Marchmount, abbreviated as the "Songgao Lingmiao Stele" or the "Stele of Lord Kou," was erected in the Northern Wei and r…
Jidu Temple, whose full name is Jidu Beihai Temple, was first built in the second year of the Kaihuang era of the Sui (582); the Beihai Shrine was added in the twelfth year of the …
Wudang Mountains, anciently called Mount Taihe, is the sacred site of Zhenwu (the Perfected Warrior, Xuandi), and is listed as the ninth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, the ‘Bles…
Taihe Palace lies within the Purple Gold City on Tianzhu Peak and is the highest temple complex on Wudang Mountains. Its Golden Hall, built in the fourteenth year of the Yongle rei…
Zixiao Palace is one of the best-preserved and largest temple complexes on Wudang Mountains. Set against Zhanqi Peak, it was first built in the first year of the Xuanhe era of the …
Yuxu Palace, in full ‘Xuantian Yuxu Gong,’ was built in the eleventh year of the Yongle reign of the Ming (1413) at the northern foot of Wudang Mountains. It was the largest of the…
Nanyan Palace, also known as Tianyi Zhenqing Gong, had its stone hall built under the direction of the eminent Wudang Daoist Zhang Shouqing in the seventh year of the Dade era of t…
Changchun Temple is the largest Quanzhen Daoist temple in the middle reaches of the Yangzi; tradition holds that a disciple of Qiu Chuji of the Yuan propagated the Dao in Wuchang, …
Yuzhen Palace was an imperially commissioned temple built by the Yongle Emperor of the Ming in the tenth year of the Yongle reign (1412) in memory of Zhang Sanfeng; it takes its na…
Mount Mulan is traditionally held to be the homeland of Hua Mulan; a temple to General Mulan was built there in the Tang dynasty, and in the Ming dynasty Daoism flourished greatly …
Daoism in western Hubei centers mainly on the City God temples and Xuanmiao Temple of the Yichang and Jingzhou area (the Xuanmiao Temple in Jingzhou is a Ming-dynasty structure, de…
The Wudang Museum, located in the Wudang Mountains Scenic Area in Hubei, is devoted to Wudang Daoism and the cult of Zhenwu. Since the Tang and Song, the Wudang Mountains have been…
Mount Longhu is the ancestral seat of Zhengyi Daoism (the Way of the Celestial Masters). According to tradition, Zhang Daoling refined the Nine-Heaven Divine Elixir here during the…
The Mansion of the Celestial Masters was the residence and seat of authority of successive generations of the Celestial Master Zhang. It was built by imperial decree at Guanmenkou,…
Shangqing Palace is the principal palace of Zhengyi Daoism on Mount Longhu. Tradition holds that Zhang Daoling built a hermitage here to refine elixirs; the Zhenxian Temple was bui…
Mount Gezao is the ancestral court of the Lingbao school. Tradition holds that Ge Xuan (the Transcendent Elder Ge) of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period cultivated the Dao…
Mount Sanqing takes its name from its three towering peaks — Yujing, Yuxu and Yuhua — which stand like the Three Pure Ones seated in a row. Tradition holds that Ge Hong of the East…
Mount Lu is famed above all for its Buddhist and Confucian associations, but it is also an important mountain in the history of Daoism. Tradition holds that in the Zhou dynasty the…
Jianji Temple was the hermitage of the Southern Dynasties Daoist reformer Lu Xiujing on Mount Lu. In the fifth year of Daming of the Liu Song (461), Lu Xiujing built a temple below…
Wanshou Palace of Xishan is the ancestral court of Jingming Zhongxiao Daoism, dedicated to the eminent Jin-dynasty priest Xu Xun (Perfected Lord Xu). Tradition holds that in the se…
Tiezhu Wanshou Palace is the central temple within the city of Nanchang for the worship of Xu Xun; tradition holds that Xu Xun cast an iron pillar here to chain a flood dragon and …
Zhengyi Temple stands beneath Liandan Cliff (Alchemy Cliff) at Mount Longhu; tradition holds that Zhang Daoling built a hut here and practiced alchemy, and that Zhang Sheng, the fo…
Mount Qingcheng is one of the birthplaces of Daoism. Tradition holds that Zhang Daoling built a thatched hermitage here in his later years, taught the Dao, and ascended to immortal…
Tianshi Cave, the ancient Changdao Temple, is the principal and largest Daoist temple on Mount Qingcheng; tradition holds that Zhang Daoling once preached the Dao within the cave, …
Jianfu Palace stands at the foot of Zhangren Peak at the base of Mount Qingcheng and is the first temple encountered on the ascent. It was built in the eighteenth year of the Kaiyu…
Shangqing Palace stands beneath the First Peak of Mount Qingcheng, beside Laoxiao Summit, and is the highest temple on the front range of the mountain. It was first built in the Ji…
Mount Heming is the birthplace of organized Daoism. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the Book of the Later Han, and Daoist scriptures, in the first year of Han'an (1…
The area of the Longmen Mountains in Pengzhou was one of the core regions of early Celestial Master Daoism. Of the Twenty-four Parishes established by Zhang Daoling, the "Yangping …
Mount Emei is today counted among the Four Great Buddhist Mountains of China, but from the Han–Wei period through the Tang it was chiefly a center of Daoism. The Baopuzi lists Emei…
The Qingyang Palace (Green Ram Temple) is one of the largest and oldest Daoist temples in Southwest China. Tradition holds that Laozi arranged to meet the Guardian of the Pass, Yin…
The Erxian Nunnery stands east of the Qingyang Palace. It was built in the thirty-fourth year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing (1695) by the Sichuan judicial commissioner Zhao Liang…
The Erwang Temple (Temple of the Two Kings) stands at the foot of Yulei Mountain at the head of the Dujiangyan irrigation system, enshrining Li Bing, governor of Shu under Qin duri…
The Fulong Temple (Temple of the Subdued Dragon) stands atop the Litui hillock at Dujiangyan; tradition holds that when Li Bing controlled the floods he subdued an evil dragon and …
The Yuntai Temple is located on Yuntai Mountain in Santai County, Mianyang. Founded in the third year of the Jiading era of the Southern Song (1210), it echoed the Wudang Mountains…
Laojun Mountain in Xinjin is traditionally held (according to one view) to be the site of the 'Chougeng Parish,' one of Zhang Daoling's twenty-four parishes; it was an area of Cele…
Mount Qiyun, anciently called Mount Baiyue, is a famous Daoist mountain of the Huizhou region; like Mount Wudang it venerates the Great Emperor Zhenwu, and is known as 'the Little …
Mount Tianzhu, anciently called Mount Wan or Mount Qian, was ascended and worshipped by Emperor Wu of Han during his southern tour in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106 BCE), when he …
Tianjing Palace, also called the Central Taiqing Palace, stands on the north bank of the Guo River in Guoyang; local scholars in Guoyang, citing the Commentary on the Water Classic…
Daode Zhonggong stands in the old town of Bozhou, and is also known as the Hall of the Old Ancestor; it was first built in the Tang dynasty as a temple for sacrifices to Laozi. Su …
Mount Mao was anciently called Mount Gouqu; tradition holds that the three Mao brothers — Mao Ying, Mao Gu and Mao Zhong — of the Western Han cultivated the Dao here, giving the mo…
The Jiuxiao Wanfu Palace, popularly known as the Top Palace, stands atop Damao Peak, the highest peak of Mount Mao, and is the seat of the Maoshan Daoist Academy and the center of …
The Yuanfu Wanning Palace, popularly known as the Seal Palace, takes its name from the fact that it houses the jade seal bestowed by Emperor Huizong of Song, the 'Seal of the Lord …
Xuanmiao Temple in Suzhou was founded in the second year of the Xianning era of the Western Jin (276), and was known successively as the Zhenqing Daoyuan, the Kaiyuan Palace, and t…
Chaotian Palace stands on Mount Ye west of the old city of Nanjing; tradition holds that King Fuchai of Wu cast metal here during the Spring and Autumn period. The Eastern Jin buil…
Qionghua Temple was originally named Fanli Temple; tradition holds that a Houtu Shrine was built here in the second year of the Yuanyan era of Emperor Cheng of the Western Han (11 …
The Stele of the Three Mao Lords, Perfected Ones Granted the Nine Bestowals records how the Three Mao Lords (Mao Ying, Mao Gu, and Mao Zhong) received the title "Perfected Ones Gra…
The Laojun Portrait Stele on the west pillar of the Sanqing Hall at Xuanmiao Temple, Suzhou, was carved in the first year of the Baoqing era of the Southern Song (1225); the stele …
The Maoshan Daoist Culture Museum, located within the Maoshan Scenic Area in Jiangsu, is a dedicated exhibition institution devoted to the Shangqing school and the Daoism of Maosha…
Mount Luofu is known as the 'foremost mountain of Lingnan,' the seventh of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens of Daoism, the 'Zhuming Yaozhen Grotto-Heaven,' and is also counted among th…
Chongxu Ancient Temple originated as the Duxu Hermitage built by Ge Hong of the Eastern Jin, the foremost of the four hermitages of Mount Luofu; Ge Hong compounded elixirs, wrote h…
Sanyuan Palace is the oldest and largest Daoist temple in Guangzhou; tradition holds that Bao Jing, Governor of Nanhai, built Yuegang Cloister here in the second year of the Daxing…
Chunyang Temple stands at Shuzhu Hill in Haizhu District, Guangzhou, founded in the fourth year of the Daoguang era of the Qing (1824) by the Quanzhen priest and astronomer Li Ming…
The Wuxian Temple (Temple of the Five Immortals) enshrines the five immortals of the legend of the 'Five Rams Bearing Grain,' the origin of Guangzhou's names 'City of Rams' and 'Ci…
The Foshan Ancestral Temple was founded during the Yuanfeng era of the Northern Song, enshrining Zhenwu Xuantian Shangdi of the North (popularly called the Northern Emperor, Beidi,…
The Longmu Ancestral Temple at Yuecheng is the ancestral temple of the cult of the Dragon Mother (Longmu) along the West River. Tradition holds that a shrine was established here i…
Mount Tiantai is a renowned mountain sacred to both Buddhism and Daoism: Guoqing Temple, the ancestral court of the Buddhist Tiantai school, stands alongside the Daoist Tongbai Pal…
Tongbai Palace is the ancestral court of the Southern Lineage of Daoist internal alchemy. According to tradition, Ge Xuan built a temple here during the Chiwu era of the Wu kingdom…
Baopu Daoist Temple stands on Geling (Ge Ridge) on the northern shore of West Lake; tradition holds that Ge Hong of the Eastern Jin built a thatched hut here to refine elixirs, hen…
Fuxing Temple stands atop Yuhuang Hill on the southern shore of West Lake; tradition holds that a king of Wuyue of the Five Dynasties built Ashoka Temple here; the Song converted i…
The Tianyige in Ningbo is a private library built in the fortieth year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming (1561) by Fan Qin, Vice Minister of War; its name is drawn from Zheng Xuan's…
Mount Qian, anciently called the "Mountain of a Thousand Lotus Blossoms," is a site where Buddhism and Daoism coexist, and an important center of Daoism in Northeast China. Buddhis…
Wuliang Temple is the foremost Daoist temple of Mount Qian. In the early Kangxi reign of the Qing (c. 1667), Liu Tailin, an eighth-generation Longmen Quanzhen priest, came here fro…
The Taiqing Palace in Shenyang is the birthplace and ancestral court of the Longmen Lineage of Quanzhen in Northeast China. In the second year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing (1663…
Tiecha Mountain is the birthplace of Daoism in the Northeast. In the third year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming (1630), the Quanzhen Longmen priest Guo Shouzhen came here from S…
Mount Yiwulü is the Northern Peak among the ancient "Five Marchmounts" (the five great guardian mountains). In the fourteenth year of the Kaihuang reign of Emperor Wen of Sui (594)…
White Cloud Temple (Baiyun Guan) is one of the Three Great Ancestral Courts of Quanzhen Daoism and the ancestral court of the Longmen Lineage, and is also the seat of the Chinese T…
Dongyue Temple in Beijing was built by imperial decree by Zhang Liusun, Grand Patriarch of the Xuanjiao (Mysterious Teaching) of the Yuan, and his disciple Wu Quanjie; construction…
Dagaoxuan Hall was an imperial Daoist temple of the Ming and Qing dynasties, built in the 21st year of the Jiajing era of the Ming (1542) by Emperor Shizong for the performance of …
The Fire God Temple, popularly known as Huoshen Miao, is one of the oldest Daoist temples in Beijing, dedicated to the Perfected Sovereign of Mars, Star God of Fire Virtue of the S…
Lüzu Palace in Beijing was first built during the Xianfeng reign of the Qing, originally named Lüzu Pavilion, dedicated to Patriarch Chunyang, Lü Dongbin; it is one of the few Lüzu…
The Bixia Yuanjun Temple on Miaofeng Mountain was the most heavily worshipped Bixia Yuanjun temple in the Beijing region during the Ming and Qing, popularly known as the "Golden Su…
The White Cloud Temple (Baiyun Guan) in Beijing is the ancestral seat of the Quanzhen Longmen lineage and also the headquarters of the Chinese Taoist Association; its most importan…
Tianhou Palace in Tianjin, popularly known as Niangniang Gong, was built in the third year of the Taiding era of the Yuan (1326) to worship the sea goddess Tianfei (Mazu); it is on…
Shanghai City God Temple is the most important Zhengyi-order temple and center of urban cult in Shanghai. During the Yongle reign of the Ming, the county magistrate Zhang Shouyue c…
Qinci Yangdian, popularly known as the Dongyue Xinggong (Traveling Palace of the Eastern Peak), is the largest Daoist temple in the Pudong area. Tradition dates its founding to the…
White Cloud Temple in Shanghai is the city's only Quanzhen public monastery (shifang conglin). In the eighth year of the Guangxu era of the Qing (1882), the Longmen-lineage Quanzhe…
The Shanghai Taoist College is located within the Dongyue Temple in Songjiang, founded by the Shanghai Taoist Association to train Zhengyi Daoist priests, drawing students from the…
Laojun Rock is the largest surviving Daoist stone sculpture in China, a seated statue of Laozi carved in the Song dynasty from a natural granite boulder, 5.63 meters high, 8.01 met…
Yuanmiao Temple in Quanzhou is traditionally said to have been founded during the Taikang era of the Western Jin, originally named Baiyun Temple; it was called Zhongxing Temple and…
Jiuxian Temple stands on Yushan within the city of Fuzhou; tradition holds that the nine He brothers of the Han dynasty practiced alchemy here and became immortals, giving the moun…
The Meizhou Mazu Ancestral Temple is the site of origin for the cult of Mazu (Lin Mo); after Lin Mo underwent Feathered Transformation in the fourth year of the Yongxi era of the N…
Baishi Mountain (White Rock Mountain) lies southeast of Guiping; its two peaks face each other like a screen of white jade, and Daoist texts list it as the twenty-first of the Thir…
Duqiao Mountain, also known as Nanshan, has Danxia landform terrain and is listed in Daoist texts as the twentieth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, the "Baoxuan Grotto-Heav…
The Sanqing Temple on Qingxiu Mountain in Nanning is a Daoist temple rebuilt in the 2000s on the site of an old Ming–Qing temple, enshrining the Three Pure Ones, the Jade Emperor a…
The Laojun Cave Temple stands on Nanshan in Chongqing, taking its name from the Laojun rock cave there; tradition holds that it already existed in the Tang, was rebuilt during the …
Mount Mingshan in Fengdu, also called Mount Pingdu, is known in Daoism as the 'Blessed Land of Pingdu,' one of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands. Tradition holds that Yin Changsheng an…
Mount Kongtong is a famous mountain in eastern Gansu; tradition holds that the Yellow Emperor ascended it in the west to ask about the Dao from Guang Chengzi (as recorded in the 'Z…
The Yuquan Temple, Tianshui, stands at the foot of Tianjing Mountain north of the city; it was built under the direction of the Quanzhen priest Liang Zhitong in the third year of t…
The White Cloud Temple, Lanzhou, stands on the southern bank of the Yellow River. It was built in the seventeenth year of the Daoguang era of the Qing (1837) by Husongge, Governor-…
The Tulou Temple, popularly known as the North Mountain Temple or Beichan Temple, stands on the cliffs of North Mountain in Xining. Caves were first carved into the cliff face and …
Heavenly Lake in the Tianshan Mountains has come to be identified in later tradition with the 'Turquoise Pond' where King Mu of Zhou met the Queen Mother of the West in the Account…
The Yuhuang Pavilion, Yinchuan, is a Ming-dynasty raised terrace-pavilion dedicated to the Jade Emperor, rebuilt after the great earthquake of the third year of the Qianlong era of…
The Xuandi Temple stands on Xuantian Ridge in Jilin City. Built in the third year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing (1738), it enshrines the Great Emperor Zhenwu (Xuantian Shangdi)…
The Haiyun Temple is located in the Acheng District of Harbin. Founded during the Guangxu reign of the Qing, it is one of the older Quanzhen Daoist temples in Heilongjiang province…
The Taiqing Palace in Hohhot is the principal Quanzhen Daoist temple in Inner Mongolia. In the Qing dynasty, temples (originally named the Lüzu Temple and others) were built in Gui…
The Zhenqing Temple is the largest and oldest surviving Daoist temple in Kunming. In the Yuan dynasty it was a Zhenwu shrine; in the early Ming, the eminent priest Liu Yuanran (a t…
Mount Weibao is the foremost mountain of Daoism in Yunnan. Tradition holds that Xi Nuluo, the founding ancestor of the Nanzhao kingdom, once farmed here; the Xunshan Hall (Tuzhu Te…
The Longquan Temple is located at Black Dragon Pool on the northern outskirts of Kunming. Tradition holds that a Heishui (Black Water) Shrine to the dragon spirit already existed i…
The Xianren Cave is located on a cliff on the eastern hill of Guiyang. Tradition holds that Zhang Sanfeng practiced cultivation in the cave during the Ming dynasty, and a Sanfeng S…
The Yuchan Palace, at Wenbi Peak in Ding'an, was built between 2004 and 2007 as a large Daoist temple commemorating Bai Yuchan, the fifth patriarch of the Southern Lineage of Daois…
The first of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, said to measure ten thousand li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of Lesser Existence and Clarified Emptiness," governed by Lord Wa…
The second of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, ten thousand li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of Great Existence and Empty Brightness," governed by Lord Qingtong. Today it is…
The third of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, three thousand li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of Great Mystery and Total Perfection," governed by Lord Wang of Xicheng. The C…
The fourth of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, three thousand li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of the Three Origins and Ultimate Perfection." The Chart of the Palaces and Bu…
The fifth of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, two thousand li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of the Nine Chambers of Treasured Immortals," governed by the Elder of Qingcheng …
The sixth of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, three hundred li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of Shangqing and Jade Tranquility," governed by the Immortal Elder of Xuanzhou. …
The seventh of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, five hundred li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of Vermilion Brightness and Luminous Perfection," governed by Master Qingjing. …
The eighth of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, one hundred and fifty li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of the Golden Altar and Splendid Yang," governed by the Perfected of Pu…
The ninth of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, four hundred li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of the Left Spirits and Dark Emptiness" (also written "Dragon Spirits and Dark Em…
The tenth of the Ten Great Grotto-Heavens, three hundred li in circumference and titled the "Heaven of Accomplished Virtue and Concealed Mystery," governed by Lord Juanzi of the No…
The first of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Huolin," governed by the immortal Wang Weixuan. Today it is Mount Huotong in Ningde, Fujian; the Per…
The second of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Pengxuan," governed by the immortal Master Shantu. This is the Eastern Marchmount, Mount Tai. See t…
The third of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Zhuling," governed by the immortal Shi Changsheng. This is the Southern Marchmount, Mount Heng; the …
The fourth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of the Assembled Immortals" (also written "Supreme Ultimate, Assembled Immortals"), governed by the im…
The fifth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Assembled Mystery," governed by the immortal Zheng Zizhen. The Northern Marchmount, Mount Heng (Chan…
The sixth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Sima" (also written "the Highest Emperor's True Perfection"), governed by the immortal Deng Yunshan.…
The seventh of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Empty Tomb," governed by the immortal Tang Lan. This is Mount Emei in Sichuan, a renowned Daoist m…
The eighth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Numinous Truth," governed by the Perfected Zhou Zhengshi. This is Mount Lu in Jiangxi, site of Lu X…
The ninth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Heaven of Cinnabar Mountain and Crimson Water," governed by the Perfected Diao Daolin. Today it is Mount Siming in Ni…
The tenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Heaven of Ultimate Mystery and Great Origin," governed by the immortal Guo Hua. Today it is Mount Kuaiji in Shaoxing,…
The eleventh of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Grotto-Heaven of Mysterious Virtue," governed by the immortal Zhang Jilian. Today it is Mount Taibai in Shaanxi, t…
The twelfth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Heaven of the Celestial Pillar and Treasured Ultimate Mystery," governed by the Perfected Tang Gongcheng. Today it …
The thirteenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Heaven of Nurturing Life and Mysterious Ascent," governed by the immortal Hua Qiulin. The Chart of the Palaces a…
The fourteenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Heaven of the Celestial Pillar and Mysterious Governance," governed by the immortal Ji Qiuzi. This is Mount Tian…
The fifteenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the "Heaven of Noble Mystery and Ruling Perfection," governed by the Perfected Cui Wenzi. Today it is Mount Guigu in G…
The sixteenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of True Ascension and Mystical Transformation,” governed by the Perfected Liu Shaogong. Identified with pr…
The seventeenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the Great Mystery's Dharma-Joy,” governed by the Perfected Liang Boluan. Identified with present-day …
The eighteenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Rongcheng's Great Jade,” governed by the Immortal Ping Gong. Identified with present-day Mount Huagai …
The nineteenth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Enduring Radiance and Precious Light,” governed by the Immortal Shangqiuzi. Identified with present-da…
The twentieth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, the “Grotto-Heaven of Precious Mystery,” governed by the Immortal Liu Gen. Identified with present-day Duqiao Mountain in Ron…
The twenty-first of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Elegant Joy and Lasting Perfection,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Bai. Identified with present…
The twenty-second of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the Jade Watchtower and Precious Tablet,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Qian. Identified with …
The twenty-third of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Audience with the Perfected in Great Emptiness,” governed by the Immortal Yan Zhenqing. Identified w…
The twenty-fourth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the Hidden Watchtower of Cavernous Yang,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Liu. Identified with p…
The twenty-fifth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the Mysterious and True Great Origin,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Chen. Identified with pres…
The twenty-sixth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Great Yu's Flourishing Wonder,” governed by the Perfected Yin. Identified with present-day Mount Day…
The twenty-seventh of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Golden Court's Lofty Wonder,” governed by the Immortal Zhao Xianbo. Identified with present-day Mo…
The twenty-eighth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, the “Heaven of Cinnabar Radiance,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Wang. Identified with present-day Mount Magu in Nan…
The twenty-ninth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the Immortal Capital's Quest for Transcendence,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Zhao. Identified…
The thirtieth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Qingtian's Great Crane,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Fu. Identified with present-day Taihe Mount…
The thirty-first of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the Vermilion Sun's Great Growth,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Gong. Identified with present-…
The thirty-second of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Everlasting Constancy,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Li. Identified with present-day Mount Li…
The thirty-third of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Purple Mystery's Cavernous Radiance,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Gongsun. The Chart of the P…
The thirty-fourth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the Celestial Canopy's Cleansed Mystery,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Jiang. Identified with…
The thirty-fifth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of the White Horse's Mysterious Light,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Xie. Identified with present…
The thirty-sixth of the Thirty-six Lesser Grotto-Heavens, titled the “Heaven of Jinhua's Cavernous Origin,” governed by the Immortal Perfected Dai. Identified with present-day Beis…
The first of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, described as lying “within the boundary of Jurong County, Jiangning Prefecture, formerly the place of Tao the Recluse's seclusion” — tha…
The second of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, described as lying “in Xiandu County, Quzhou, governed by the Perfected Shi Cun”; there is also a Gaizhu Mountain Grotto-Heaven in Huan…
The third of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, “governed by the Perfected Zhang Zhonghua,” located around Baixi within the territory of Wenzhou; now conjectured to be Yueqing or Cangn…
The fourth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, described as lying “in Huangyan County, Taizhou, governed by the Earthly Immortal Liu Fenglin,” adjacent to the Grotto-Heaven of Mount …
The fifth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, described as lying “likewise at Qiaoling in Huangyan County, Taizhou, governed by the Earthly Immortal Zhang Zhaoqi.”
The sixth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, described as lying “east of the Eastern Sea, reachable by boat, governed by the Perfected Liu”; now conjectured to be Mount Nantian in W…
The seventh of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands, described as lying “on an island of the Eastern Sea near Penglai, home to many Perfected Immortals, governed by the Earthly Immortal X…
The eighth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies west of the Eastern Sea, adjoining Fusang, and is governed by the Perfected Liu Ziguang." This is a legendary maritime blessed…
The ninth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies south of Mount Yusi, and is the retreat of Vice Minister Xiao Ziyun." It is identified today with Mount Yusi in Xiajiang, Jiang…
The tenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies at Mount Magu, and is the place where the Perfected Cai Jing attained the Dao." It is identified today with Mount Magu in Nanch…
The eleventh of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies within Lake Qingcao in Lake Dongting, and is governed by the Earthly Immortal Hou Sheng." This is Mount Jun in Lake Dongting…
The twelfth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies one hundred and twenty li east of Yongjia County, Wenzhou, and is governed by the Earthly Immortal Li Fanghui." It is identif…
The thirteenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies north of Jianyang County, Jianzhou, and is the retreat of the Perfected Yin." It is identified today with Jianyang, Fujian…
The fourteenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies north of Tiantai County, Taizhou, and is the retreat of Master Baiyun." It is identified today with the northern part of M…
The fifteenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies south of Shan County, Yuezhou, and is governed by the Perfected Fang Ming." It is identified today with Wozhou in Xinchang,…
The sixteenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies south of Shan County, and is governed by the Perfected Wei Xianren." This is Mount Tianmu, the mountain of Li Bai's poem Me…
The seventeenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies south of Kuaiji County, Yuezhou, and is governed by the Perfected Shan Shiyuan." This is the Ruoye Stream of the legend o…
The eighteenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Chao County, Luzhou, also called Mount Ziwei, and is governed by the Immortal Ma." It is generally identified with pres…
The nineteenth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Qingyuan County, Guangzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Yin." It is identified today with Qingyuan, Guangdong; Fei…
The twentieth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies north of Jiaozhou, the retreat of Master Anqi (Anqi Sheng), and is governed by him." Its location is conjectured to lie som…
The twenty-first of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies east of the water within the walls of Chenzhou, the retreat of the Perfected Su Dan." It is identified today with Chenzh…
The twenty-second of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Changsha County, Tanzhou, a retreat of immortals." It is identified today with Mount Eyang in Changsha.
The twenty-third of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Changsha County, Tanzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Han Zhong of the Western Peak." Later tradition generally …
The twenty-fourth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies west of Zhurong Peak on the Southern Peak, and is governed by Master Qingwu." It is one of three Blessed Lands located …
The twenty-fifth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies at the western headwaters of the Southern Peak, and is governed by the Perfected Feng."
The twenty-sixth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies west of the Zhaoxian Temple on the Southern Peak, the retreat of Master Deng."
The twenty-seventh of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Wuling village, Guanli garrison, Jianzhou, and is governed by Master Huangshan." It is identified today with Mount …
The twenty-eighth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Anggu County, Wenzhou, where Master Tao once lived in reclusion." It is identified today with Mount Tao in Rui'an, t…
The twenty-ninth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Hengyang County, Wenzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Bao Cha." It is identified today with Pingyang (formerly H…
The thirtieth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Xin'an County, Quzhou, the retreat of Master Wang Zhi." This is the origin of the legend of "watching a game of chess un…
The thirty-first of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies east of Jianyang County, Jianzhou, the retreat of Master Kong Yuan."
The thirty-second of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Guixi County, Xinzhou, and is governed by the Immortal Zhang Jujun." This is Mount Longhu, the ancestral court of Zh…
The thirty-third of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies north of Shangrao County, Xinzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Mo." It is identified today with Mount Ling in Shang…
The thirty-fourth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies within Mount Luofu, and is governed by the Immortal Hua Ziqi." It belongs to Mount Luofu.
The thirty-fifth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Qianhua County, Qianzhou, and is governed by Qiu Jizi." It is identified today with Mount Jinjing in Ningdu, associat…
The thirty-sixth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Xingan County, Jizhou, and is governed by the Perfected Guo." It is also the thirty-third of the Lesser Grotto-Heaven…
The thirty-seventh of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Fengcheng County, Hongzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Yin."
The thirty-eighth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Nanchang County, Hongzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Xu." This is the site of Xu Xun's practice at Xishan (We…
The thirty-ninth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies east of Xinwu County, Hongzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Liu." It is identified today with the area of Fengxin C…
The fortieth of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Chuzhou, the place where Wang Qiao attained the Dao." It is identified today with Mount Bochi in Huai'an, traditionally s…
The forty-first of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Dantu County, Runzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Zhong." It is identified today with the area of Danyang.
The forty-second of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Changzhou County, Suzhou, and is governed by the Perfected Zhuang." This is Xishan in Lake Tai, traditionally said to…
The forty-third of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: "It lies in Liyang County, Hezhou, and is governed by the Perfected Guo." It is identified today with Mount Jilong in He County, c…
44th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Tongbai county, Tang prefecture, under the administration of the Immortal Lord Li,' identified with present-day Mount Tongbai in Henan, t…
45th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Fengdu county, Zhong prefecture, the place where Perfected Lord Yin ascended,' identified with the Fengdu Ghost City. See the entry 'Feng…
46th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Wuling county, Lang prefecture, bordering Taoyuan,' identified with present-day Taoyuan, Hunan.
47th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in southern Pengze county, Jiang prefecture, the place of reclusion of Master Five Willows,' referring to the hermitage of Tao Yuanming; ide…
48th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Liyang county, Li prefecture, under the administration of Master Zang,' identified with present-day Li county, Hunan.
49th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Lianshan county, Lian prefecture, under the administration of the Perfected Lord Fan,' identified with the Lianzhou–Lianshan area of Guan…
50th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Chengdu county, Yi prefecture, under the administration of the Immortal Bocheng Zi,' identified with present-day Mount Damian near Mount …
51st of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Duchang county, Jiang prefecture, administered by Perfected Sun and Anqi Sheng,' identified with present-day Duchang.
52nd of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Poyang county, Rao prefecture, administered by the Perfected Zizhou.'
53rd of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Wuling county, Lang prefecture, under the administration of the Immortal Zhang Jujun,' identified with present-day Deshan in Changde, sai…
54th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Lantian county, Yong prefecture, also a place where the Most High wandered,' identified with present-day Lantian, Shaanxi.
55th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Lantian county, Western Capital, under the administration of the Immortal Zhang Zhaoqi,' adjacent to the preceding entry; Languqiao is tr…
56th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Jingzhao county, Western Capital, under the administration of the Immortal Baihu,' identified with the area of the Zhongnan Mountains sou…
57th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Yuqian county, Hangzhou, under the administration of the Earthly Immortal Wang Boyuan,' identified with Mount Tianzhu at Yuqian, Lin'an —…
58th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Shang prefecture, the place of reclusion of the Four Immortal Elders,' referring to Mount Shang, where the 'Four Whitebeards of Mount Sha…
59th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Yixing county, Chang prefecture, administered by the Perfected Kang Sang,' identified with the Zhanggong Cave in Yixing today, a limeston…
60th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'north of Mount Tiantai, Tai prefecture, administered by the Immortal Li Ming'; tradition holds that Sima Chengzhen, summoned to court, reach…
61st of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Changshan county, Qi prefecture, administered by the Perfected Mao,' identified with present-day Zouping (Tang-dynasty Changshan county),…
62nd of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Yuxiang county, Hezhong prefecture, administered by the Immortal Zhao,' identified with present-day Mount Zhongtiao in Shanxi; Wulao Peak…
63rd of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Jianchang county, Nankang prefecture, administered by the Perfected Zhang Xuanxuan,' identified with present-day Yongxiu, Jiangxi.
64th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Mianzhu county, Han prefecture, administered by Madam Qionghua,' identified with present-day Mianzhu, Sichuan, which had Daoist temples i…
65th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in western Shu, under the administration of the Immortal Lord An'; the identity of the Lu River has long been disputed, and the location is …
66th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in southern Qian, the place administered by the Perfected Ning,' tentatively identified with southeastern Guizhou or Qianjiang, Chongqing, t…
67th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Han prefecture, administered by Master Chixu,' tentatively identified with the Guanghan–Shifang area of Sichuan.
68th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'at the garrison of Guxian, under the administration of the Perfected Shi'; 'Guxian garrison' cannot be identified with certainty, and later …
69th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Wugang county, Shao prefecture, under the administration of the Immortal Lu Sheng,' identified with present-day Mount Yun in Wugang, Huna…
70th of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Luoyang county, Eastern Capital, under the administration of the Perfected Wei,' identified with present-day Mount Mang north of Luoyang,…
71st of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'in Lianjiang county, Fu prefecture, under the administration of the Perfected Xie,' identified with present-day Lianjiang, Fujian.
72nd of the Seventy-two Blessed Lands: 'twenty-five li east of Hai prefecture, under the administration of the Perfected Wang,' identified with present-day Yuntai Mountain (Flower …
The Wong Tai Sin Temple is the most actively worshipped Daoist temple in Hong Kong, administered by the charitable organization Sik Sik Yuen. Wong Tai Sin is Huang Chuping, a Jin-d…
Ching Chung Koon is one of the three great Daoist halls (daotang) of Hong Kong, belonging to the Longmen (Dragon Gate) Lineage of Quanzhen Daoism, tracing its origin to the Zhibao …
Fung Ying Seen Koon is located in Fanling, New Territories, founded in 1929 by Daoist masters He Jinyu, Chen Luankai, and others who had come south from the Sanyuan Gong in Guangzh…
The Yuen Yuen Institute, in full the "Special-Grade Heavenly Altar of the Perfected Way of Roundness and Mystery, Enrolled by the Nine Heavens," was proposed for construction in 19…
Wun Chuen Sin Koon traces its origin to the Wun Chuen Sin Koon at Baiyun Cave, Mount Xiqiao, Nanhai, Guangdong (built in the twenty-seventh year of the Daoguang era of the Qing, 18…
The Hong Kong Taoist Association was founded in June 1961, and serves as the overarching coordinating body for the Daoist community in Hong Kong, spanning the Quanzhen, Xiantian Da…
The Man Mo Temple in Sheung Wan was completed around 1847–1862, funded and organized by Chinese merchants Lu Yagui, Tan Yacai, and others, and is dedicated primarily to Wenchang Di…
The Pak Tai Temple in Wan Chai, formally named Yuk Hui Kung, was begun in 1862 and completed in 1863, built with funds raised by the residents of Wan Chai, and is dedicated primari…
The Hau Wong Temple in Kowloon City stands to the west of Kowloon Walled City. According to a bronze bell within the temple dated to the eighth year of the Yongzheng era (1730), it…
Shang Sin Chun Tong traces its origins to a charitable body called 'Chenfan Zhenyu' founded in 1942 in Dongguan, Guangdong, which received the name 'Pung Ying Kok' through spirit-w…
Tung Sen Tan was founded in 1938 in Central, Hong Kong Island, belonging to the Quanzhen cult of Patriarch Lü, one of the many Quanzhen Daoist halls established in Hong Kong during…
Man Tak Chi Sin She traces its origins to the Yingyuan Palace on Guanyin Mountain in Guangzhou. In the early 1950s, Zeng Chengchi, a twenty-fourth-generation Daoist master of the L…
Shun Shin Chee Kit Yin Koon originated with the Xinshan Tang in Fangcun, Guangzhou; it was reestablished in Hong Kong in 1972 and registered in 1975 as 'Shun Shin Chee Kit Yin Koon…
Pung Loi Long Yuen stands in Pun San Chau Village, on the slopes of Wun Yiu, Tai Po, in the New Territories, dedicated primarily to Lü Dongbin and known locally as the Lüzu Temple.…
The Daoist Culture Centre Database of Fung Ying Seen Koon was established in 1999, and is the largest project of digital Daoist textual resources and knowledge in the Chinese-speak…
The Na Tcha Temple, Macau (by the Ruins of St. Paul's) was built in the fourteenth year of the Guangxu era of the Qing (1888); tradition holds that it was built to invoke Prince Na…
The Hong Kung Temple, Macau (popularly the Hong Kung Miu) was built in the tenth year of the Xianfeng era of the Qing (1860), on Rua de Cinco de Outubro in Macau's Inner Harbour. T…
The A-Ma Temple is Macau's oldest surviving temple and the one whose original structures have stood the longest, dedicated primarily to Mazu (Tianhou). Its founding date is dispute…
Lin Fung Temple is one of the 'Three Ancient Temples of Macau' (together with A-Ma Temple and Kun Iam Tong), though accounts of its founding date differ: Wikipedia and similar sour…
The Tam Kung Temple in Coloane (popularly known simply as the Tam Kung Temple) was built in the first year of the Tongzhi reign of the Qing (1862), funded by the fishermen of Coloa…
The Nuwa Temple in Macau stands at the junction of Rua do Tarrafeiro and Rua de São Paulo, and is the only temple in Macau dedicated mainly to the goddess Nuwa, with Longmu, the Dr…
The Macau Taoist Association was founded by the local community of householder Zhengyi priests; its founding year is given as either 2001 (per the association's own website) or 200…
Zhinan Temple, popularly known as the Immortal Lord's Temple (Xiangong Miao), is dedicated mainly to Sovereign Lord Fuyou, Lü Dongbin, and is the most famous place of Lü Dongbin wo…
Juexiu Temple, popularly known as the Dalongdong Immortal Lord's Temple, is dedicated mainly to Sovereign Lord Fuyou, together with Lord Guan (Guan Shengdijun), Yue Fei (Prince Wum…
In 1949, Zhang Enpu, the 63rd-generation Celestial Master of Longhushan in Jiangxi, crossed the strait to Taiwan together with his son Zhang Yunxian and the ancestral sword and sea…
The Taoism Society of the Republic of China is a cross-denominational, nationwide Daoist organization in Taiwan. It petitioned the competent authorities for organization in 1965, h…
Sanching Temple is located at the foot of the hills beside Meihua Lake in Dongshan Township, Yilan County, and is dedicated primarily to the Three Pure Ones (the Celestial Worthy o…
Kaohsiung Daode Temple is dedicated primarily to the Most High Ancestor of the Dao (Laozi), and also worships the Three Pure Ones, the Jade Emperor, and the Three Officials; it bel…
Taiwan's First Temple of Heaven, commonly called Tiangong Temple, is dedicated primarily to the Jade Emperor, with the Three Pure Ones and the Three Officials worshipped alongside.…
Yuanching Temple, commonly called Tiangong Tan, was built through joint funding by Quanzhou-descended immigrants in Changhua in the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong of the Qing (1763…
The Hsinchu City God Temple holds the highest rank among City God temples in Taiwan. It was built on the memorial of Zeng Riying, Sub-prefect of Danshui Sub-prefecture, in the thir…
The Taiwanfu City God Temple was built in the twenty-third year of Yongli of the Ming (1669), originally named the Chengtianfu City God Temple, and is Taiwan's earliest officially …
The Sacrificial Rites Martial Temple, Tainan was built by Zheng Jing of the Ming loyalist Zheng regime; the mainstream account gives its founding year as the nineteenth year of the…
The Grand Mazu Temple, Tainan, formally titled the "Sacrificial Rites Grand Mazu Temple," occupies a building originally constructed in the nineteenth year of the Yongli era of Min…
The Xingji Temple, Tainan, popularly known as the "Upper Dadaogong Temple," was built in the thirty-third year of the Yongli era of Ming (1679) by officers and soldiers of the Zhen…
The Nankunshen Daitian Temple principally enshrines the Five Lords of the Li, Chi, Wu, Zhu, and Fan surnames (the Wangye, or "Royal Lords"), popularly honored as the "Kings of Kuns…
The DalongDong Baoan Temple was founded in the seventh year of the Qianlong era of Qing (1742) by immigrants from Tongan, Quanzhou; its cult derives from the Baijiao Ciji Temple in…
Hsing Tian Kong, Taipei, was founded by Daoist Master Xuankong (Huang Cong), a coal-mining proprietor, who established the "Xingtiantang" in 1943; it relocated and was renamed Hsin…
The Songshan Cihui Temple, Taipei, principally enshrines the Ultimateless Queen Mother of the West of the Jasper Pool, Great Celestial Worthy, whom devotees honor as the "Mother"; …
The Sheng-An Temple, located in Ji'an, Hualien, principally enshrines the Boundless Empyrean Heavenly Wangmu Niangniang (the Queen Mother of the West), and is the first temple in T…
The Yicheng Tang Guandi Temple principally enshrines Guandi (Emperor Guan); at its founding it venerated the Three Sage Benefactor Lords, and it belongs to the Rujiao Shenjiao (Con…
The Miaoli Yuqing Temple principally enshrines the Three Benefactor Lords (Guandi, Fuyou Dijun, and Siming Zhenjun), and belongs to the luantang tradition. It was founded in 1906 b…
The Minglun Sansheng Temple principally enshrines Guandi, who together with Fuyou Dijun and Jiutian Siming Zhenjun is known as the Three Sage Benefactor Lords. Its predecessor was …
The Lecheng Temple principally enshrines Tianshang Shengmu (Mazu); the Mazu it venerates is popularly known as the 'Hanxi Mazu,' and the temple is one of the 'Four Great Mazu Templ…
The Penghu Tianhou Temple is the oldest surviving temple in the Taiwan-Penghu region, principally enshrining Tianshang Shengmu (Mazu). Its date of founding is unknown; during a maj…
The Wudao City God Temple is one of the principal centers of belief in the Kinmen region, principally enshrining the City God (imperially titled Earl of Manifest Protection). The c…
Xianse Gong, commonly known as the Sanchong Wugu Wang Temple ("Five Grains King Temple"), is dedicated primarily to Shennong Dadi (the August Deity of the Five Grains). Tradition h…
The National Palace Museum, Taipei, inherits the former Qing imperial collection; it was established on 10 October 1925 in the Forbidden City in Beiping, and after the collection's…
The Yokohama Kanteibyo is the most famous Chinese temple in Japan. In 1862, Chinese merchants living in Japan enshrined a wooden statue of Guandi in a small shrine, and in 1871 the…
The Yokohama Masobyo opened on 17 March 2006, dedicated primarily to Tianhou Shengmu, Mazu (Lin Moniang), and was built to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the opening of the P…
The Kobe Kanteibyo is administered by the General Incorporated Association Chinese Association (Chuka Kaikan), and is dedicated primarily to Guandi Shengjun, with Guanyin Bodhisatt…
Sakado Seitenkyu, in full "Seitenkyu of the Ascending Five Thousand Dragons," is the largest Daoist building in Japan, and also the site with the purest Daoist character in the cou…
The Tojin Yashiki was the settlement for Qing-dynasty Chinese merchants in Nagasaki during the period of national seclusion (sakoku) from 1689 onward; its group of shrines is the o…
Sofuku-ji was founded in 1629 by the Fuzhou-born monk Chaoran (Chōnen), and is an Ōbaku-sect Buddhist temple whose principal image is Sakyamuni; together with Kōfuku-ji and Fukusai…
Sekizan Zen-in was founded in 888 by Anne, the Tendai zasu (head abbot of Tendai), and is dedicated primarily to Taishan Fujun (known in Japan as Sekizan Daimyojin) — the Daoist ru…
Yasaka Koshindo, formally named Kongoji Koshindo, is traditionally said to have been founded in 960 by the Tendai monk Jozokii; together with Shitennoji Koshindo in Osaka and Nara …
The Tenson-byo and Tenpi-gu in Naha are administered by the Kume Sosei-kai, a general incorporated association, and are the wellspring of Daoist belief in Okinawa. From the fourtee…
The Sogyeokseo was the sole state Daoist institution of the Joseon dynasty, established in Hanseong (Seoul) in 1396, originally named Sogyeokjeon and renamed Sogyeokseo with a redu…
Dongmyo (Eastern Guan Yu Shrine, in full the Eastern Shrine to the King Guan) was begun in 1599 and completed in 1601; it enshrines Guan Yu as its principal deity (honored as "King…
The Chamseongdan ("Star-Observing Altar") stands atop Mount Mani on Ganghwa Island, traditionally said to have been built by Dangun as an altar for sacrificing to Heaven; documenta…
Hougang Tou Mu Kung's principal deities are the Nine Emperor Gods and Doumu Yuanjun, with Xuandi (Zhenwu), Guan Yu and Guanyin worshipped alongside them; it is Singapore's oldest N…
Lorong Koo Chye Sheng Hong Temple's principal deity is the City God Qingxi Xianyou Bozhu (the City God of Anxi). In 1918, the abbot of the City God Temple of Anxi brought the fifth…
San Qing Gong was completed in March 2003; its principal deities are the Three Pure Ones, enshrined in the Daluotian Sanqing Hall, alongside a Hall of the Three Patriarchs and a Co…
The Taoist Federation (Singapore) is Singapore's only national Daoist organization. It submitted its registration application in June 1989, was approved by the Registrar of Societi…
The Taoist College (Singapore) was approved for establishment by the Registrar of Societies in January 2008, and is Singapore's first formal institution of Daoist education, organi…
Thian Hock Keng is dedicated mainly to Mazu, the Empress of Heaven, with Guanyin worshipped in the rear hall, and is the oldest and most important Hokkien temple in Singapore. Betw…
Yueh Hai Ching Temple is the oldest Teochew temple in Singapore; when first built in 1820 it was merely an attap-roofed wooden hut, was rebuilt between 1852 and 1855, and underwent…
Hong San See was founded by immigrants from Nan'an, Fujian, and chiefly venerates Guangze Zunwang (Guo Shengwang), a local protector deity whose cult was transplanted from the Hong…
The Fuk Tak Chi Temple (Temple of Prosperity and Virtue) was jointly founded by Cantonese and Hakka immigrants and is one of the earliest Chinese temples in Singapore. 'Hoi Sun' (h…
Loyang Tua Pek Kong Temple originated in the early 1980s, when several anglers discovered scattered Daoist, Buddhist and Hindu deity statues on a beach at the end of the Loyang ind…
Kim Lan Beo Temple was built by the Hokkien community; its founding is dated variously to 1830 or 1839, making it one of the oldest surviving Chinese temples in Singapore. The temp…
The Kheng Chiu Tin Hou Kong is the religious and native-place organizational center for Singapore's Hainanese (Qiongzhou) immigrants, built around Beach Road in 1857 alongside the …
The Tan Si Chong Su is the central ancestral hall of the Tan (Chen) clan in Singapore, proposed for construction in 1876 by overseas leaders Tan Kim Ching and Tan Beng Swee, among …
The Giok Hong Tian, popularly known as the Jade Emperor's Altar (Tiangong Tan), is one of the few temples in Singapore whose principal deity is the Jade Emperor; according to the t…
The Heng San Teng was built in 1828 as the earliest public-cemetery management body and cemetery-hill temple of Singapore's Hokkien community, its principal deity Tua Pek Kong (the…
The Chong Wen Ge was built in 1849 beside the Thian Hock Keng and was one of the earliest institutions of Chinese-language education in Singapore, proposed for construction by Tan …
The Thong Chai Medical Institution was founded in 1867 by seven Chinese merchants, the earliest Chinese charitable institution of traditional medicine in Singapore, and completed i…
Cheng Hoon Teng Temple was built in 1645 during the Dutch Malacca period, and is the oldest still-functioning Chinese temple in Malaysia. It is dedicated mainly to Guanyin, with th…
Kong Hock Keong, popularly known as the Goddess of Mercy Temple, is the oldest Chinese temple in Penang, built with joint funding from the Hokkien and Cantonese communities; its na…
Penang's Snake Temple was built in 1805 and is dedicated mainly to Chor Soo Kong (Qingshui Zushi), an eminent Song-dynasty monk of Anxi, Quanzhou, and the ancestral-homeland deity …
Penang's Thni Kong Tnua (Jade Emperor's Pavilion) was completed in 1869, built by the Hokkien community of Penang during the 1860s, and dedicated mainly to the Jade Emperor (Thni K…
Thean Hou Temple was built under the auspices of the Selangor and Federal Territory Hainan Association, funded by contributions of about seven million ringgit from Malaysia's Haina…
Johor Old Temple was built in the 1870s by Tan Hiok Nee, leader of the Yixing Company, and is one of the oldest surviving buildings in Johor Bahru. Within the temple, five dialect …
The Federation of Taoist Associations Malaysia (commonly known as Dao Zong) was established in August 1997 as the national umbrella organization for Taoism in Malaysia, with the ai…
The Hai Choo Soo Tua Pek Kong Temple stands on the Tanjung Tokong headland; “Hai Choo” is the old Southern Hokkien name for this locality. The Tua Pek Kong enshrined here is tradit…
The Kian Tek Tong Tua Pek Kong Temple stands on Armenian Street (Bun Tau Kong Lane) in George Town and functions both as an urban branch shrine of the Tua Pek Kong Temple at Batu M…
Leong San Tong Khoo Kongsi is the clan organization in Penang of the Khoo lineage from Xinjiang, Haicheng, Zhangzhou (present-day Haicang, Xiamen), Fujian; the kongsi was formally …
Sit Tek Tong Cheah Kongsi is the clan organization in Penang of the Cheah lineage from Shitang, Haicheng, Zhangzhou, Fujian, generally dated to 1810 as the founding of the associat…
Chap Teik Tong Yap Kongsi is the ancestral hall of the Yap lineage in Penang; the building standing today was completed in 1924 and stands on Armenian Street, in the same area as t…
The Han Jiang Ancestral Temple is the central ancestral hall and native-place association of Penang's Teochew community, completed in 1870 and one of the most representative exampl…
The Clan Jetties are a settlement of stilt houses along Weld Quay in Penang, built by same-surname lineages from Tong'an, Haicheng, and other parts of Fujian, each constructing its…
Tow Boo Keong in Penang is principally dedicated to Doumu Yuanjun (the Dipper Mother) and the Nine Emperor Gods, and is a major center of the Nine Emperor Gods cult in northern Mal…
The Kuala Lumpur Guandi Temple was founded in 1888 by the Kwong Siew Association on Jalan Tun H.S. Lee (formerly known by its Chinese name Xie Jie) and serves as the religious cent…
Sin Sze Si Ya Temple was founded in 1864 by the Kuala Lumpur Chinese Kapitan Yap Ah Loy, and is the oldest surviving Chinese temple in Kuala Lumpur. Its enshrined deities, "Sin Sze…
The Chan She Shu Yuen Clan Ancestral Hall is the ancestral hall of the Cantonese Chan (Chan, Tan and Chen — a union of three related surnames) clan of Kuala Lumpur, proposed for co…
Nan Tian Gong, Ampang, is one of the largest and most active Nine Emperor Gods temples in Malaysia, generally traced to a temple founded by Chinese tin-mining laborers in the Ampan…
Poh San Teng Temple was built in 1795, its construction proposed by Chua Su Cheong, the Malacca Chinese Kapitan appointed by the Dutch authorities that same year, and stands at the…
Nam Thean Tong is one of the earliest limestone-cave temples developed in Ipoh; according to the temple's own history it was built in 1867, developed by a Daoist priest, and also k…
Ling Sen Tong stands at the foot of the limestone hills of Ipoh's Kinta Valley, neighboring Sam Poh Tong and Nam Thean Tong, and is generally believed to have been built in the mid…
Then Sze Koon, Seremban, is a temple in Negeri Sembilan with Zhang Tianshi (Zhang Daoling, the founding Celestial Master of Zhengyi) as its principal deity, a relatively uncommon d…
Ho Ann Kiong is located in the Chinese quarter of Kuala Terengganu (Kampung Cina), and is generally believed to have been built around 1801, making it the oldest Chinese temple in …
Siew San Teng, the Tua Pek Kong Temple in Kuching, stands on the bank of the Sarawak River. According to the temple's own history it was built in 1770, and it is generally regarded…
Hong San Si Temple in Kuching was founded in the 1840s (generally given as 1848) by immigrants from Nan'an in Fujian, and is dedicated primarily to Guangze Zunwang (Lord Guo the Sa…
The Siang Ti Temple is located on Jalan Carpenter in Kuching's old town, and is dedicated primarily to Xuantian Shangdi (Zhenwu, the Perfected Warrior, also called Shangdi Gong). T…
Eng Ann Teng, the Tua Pek Kong Temple in Sibu, stands on the bank of the Rajang River. According to the temple's own history it was first built in the 1850s, but the earliest verif…
The Tua Pek Kong Temple in Miri stands in the old Chinatown quarter of Miri, and is generally traced to around 1913. Miri saw Sarawak's first oil well come into production in 1910 …
The Tua Pek Kong Temple in Bintulu stands in the old town at the mouth of the Bintulu River, and is the principal temple of the local Chinese community, dedicated primarily to Tua …
Sam Sing Kung Temple was built in 1887 and is one of the oldest surviving Chinese temples in Sabah, located in the town of Sandakan. The "Three Saints" refers to Guan Shengdijun (L…
Khanh Van Nam Vien is one of the few temples in Vietnam, and indeed in Southeast Asia, that is a Daoist monastery in the strict sense: it preserves traditional Chinese Daoist ritua…
Quan Thanh Temple (the Zhenwu Shrine) is the Daoist temple guarding the northern quarter among the "Four Sacred Guardians of Thang Long" in Hanoi; tradition holds that it was first…
Ngoc Son Temple stands on Jade Island in Hoan Kiem Lake, connected to the shore by the vermilion wooden Huc Bridge (The Huc); its predecessor was a shrine of the Tran dynasty comme…
Phuc Kien Assembly Hall in Hoi An is the largest and earliest Chinese assembly hall in the city; its predecessor was a thatched-roof "Kim Son Tu" (Gold Mountain Temple), built by f…
Quang Trieu Assembly Hall in Hoi An was built in 1885 by overseas Chinese from Guangzhou and Zhaoqing prefectures, and stands on Tran Phu Street in Hoi An's "heritage street," near…
Caodaism (Đại Đạo Tam Kỳ Phổ Độ) was formally established as a religion on 7 October 1926, growing out of a spirit-writing (扶乩) circle in Saigon in 1925; its founders included the …
Cebu Taoist Temple was built in 1972, funded by Cebu's Chinese-Filipino community, on the high ground of the Beverly Hills subdivision overlooking downtown Cebu City; it is the mos…
Ma-Cho Temple is the largest Mazu temple in the Philippines, dedicated chiefly to Mazu (Lin Moniang), and also enshrining the Earth God (Tudi) and Guanyin. Its foundation was laid …
The Pao Ong Hu temple in the Santa Ana district of Manila was consecrated in 1951 (though a dedication is also recorded within the temple for 1928); it is dedicated chiefly to Pao …
Tin How Temple in San Francisco was founded around 1852–1853, dedicated chiefly to Mazu (Tin Hau, "Empress of Heaven"), and is one of the oldest continuously operating Chinese temp…
Kong Chow Temple was founded in 1849, dedicated chiefly to Guandi, and is one of the earliest Chinese temples in the United States — its founding coincided almost exactly with the …
Thien Hau Temple in Los Angeles is dedicated chiefly to Mazu, with Guan Yu and the Earth God (Tudi, Fude Zhengshen) also enshrined, and is operated by the Camau Association of Amer…
The main shrine is dedicated to "Zhenwu, Emperor of the Dark Heaven Who Quells the Heavens at the North Pole" (北极镇天真武玄天上帝, Beiji Zhentian Zhenwu Xuantian Shangdi, known as the "Nor…
The Temple of Kwan Tai, Mendocino, was built around the mid-1850s (accounts of the founding year vary among 1852, 1854, and 1867; the earliest documentary record dates from 1883). …
The Taoist Temple, Hanford, was built in 1893 and is dedicated primarily to Guandi; it stands on China Alley in the Central Valley town of Hanford. After a fire destroyed the origi…
The Oroville Chinese Temple was built in 1863 as a folk-religious temple housing multiple deities. The surviving brick structure is the third temple built by the local Chinese comm…
The Lum Sai Ho Tong Tin Hau Temple was founded in 1889 by the Lum (also romanized Lim, Lam, Lem, or Lin) clan association of Honolulu as a mutual-aid society, its members tracing t…
The Freer Gallery of Art opened on 9 May 1923, and together with the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery constitutes the National Museum of Asian Art under the Smithsonian Institution, a maj…
The Art Institute of Chicago was established in 1879, and holds about 35,000 works of Asian art spanning nearly five thousand years, encompassing China, Korea, Japan, India, Southe…
The Asian Art Museum of San Francisco was established in 1966; its full name includes the Chong-Moon Lee Center for Asian Art and Culture. Its holdings exceed 20,000 objects, encom…
Bok Kai Temple is the only Chinese temple in the United States that has remained on its original site, was first built in the nineteenth century, and is still in use today. It is d…
Auburn lies within California's Mother Lode gold-mining region, where Chinese miners settled in the nineteenth century. The surviving temple was built in 1909, and was rebuilt in 1…
The Ma-Tsu Temple of U.S.A. was founded in 1986 on the initiative of Gao Jiade (also known by the sobriquet Yisheng) of the Taiwanese community in San Francisco, together with Xing…
The Jeng Sen Buddhism and Taoism Association occupies the second floor of a building on Waverly Place (formerly called Tin How Temple Street) in Chinatown, and is one of the rare r…
The Ching Chung Taoist Association of America is a North American branch of Ching Chung Koon in Hong Kong (a Quanzhen Longmen Daoist temple founded in 1950 by Hou Baoyuan and other…
The Wong Tai Sin Temple in San Francisco is located on Sixth Avenue in the Inner Richmond District, a secondary area of Chinese settlement, rather than in the core of Chinatown, an…
The Chi Sin Buddhist and Taoist Association is located on Powell Street in Chinatown, and like the Jeng Sen Buddhism and Taoism Association belongs to the category of association-t…
Ng Shing Gung was built in 1888 in Heinlenville, San Jose's fifth Chinatown — after the Market Street Chinatown burned down in 1887, the German immigrant John Heinlen leased land f…
The Kong Chow Benevolent Association is a native-place association for immigrants from Xinhui, Guangdong (anciently called Kong Chow), founded in Los Angeles in 1889; a Guandi temp…
Little Saigon in Orange County is the largest Vietnamese American community in the United States, a substantial part of which consists of ethnic Chinese (Minh Huong people and thos…
Sacramento's Chinatown has been California's second-largest Chinese settlement since the 1850s, and after urban renewal in the 1960s it became concentrated around what is now the C…
The Taoist Sanctuary of San Diego is one of the earliest religious corporations in the United States registered under the name 'Daoist,' established in 1975; its current director i…
The US Daoist Foundation was founded in September 2007 by the Daoist studies scholar Louis Komjathy (Kang Sixi) and Kate Townsend, registered as a 501(c)(3) religious and education…
The Tong Wo Society is the first Chinese association hall on the island of Hawaiʻi, with land purchased in 1883, construction begun in 1884, and completion in 1886; its founders we…
The Chee Ying Society is located in the sugarcane district of Honokaa on the north coast of the island of Hawaiʻi, and is a branch organization of the Pacific network of the Hongme…
The Wo Hing Society was founded by Chinese laborers of the Lahaina sugarcane plantations, the association organized around 1909, belonging to the Chee Kung Tong branch of the Hongm…
The Kwock Hing Society (also given as Ket Hing Society) is the only Chinese association-hall temple on Maui still in use today. The society was founded in 1900 by seventy-one Chine…
The Wailuku Chee Kung Tong was built in 1904, one of the six original Chinese association halls on Maui. The lintel bears the inscription 'Chee Kung Tong Hall,' with 'Equality for …
The Gook Doo Sam Heung Society is a native-place association of overseas Chinese from the "Gook Doo Sam Heung" district of Zhongshan County, Guangdong. Its temple property was dona…
The Lung Kong Kung Shaw is a joint-surname kinship association of the Liu, Guan, Zhang and Zhao surnames, its religious basis being the Oath of the Peach Garden narrative from the …
Kam Wah Chung & Co. is the best-preserved nineteenth-century Chinese-American commercial building in North America. The original structure was built around 1866–1867 and was purcha…
The Gee How Oak Tin Association is a joint-surname kinship association of the Chen, Hu and Yuan surnames, whose guardian deity is Suijing Bo — originally named Chen Zhongzhen, a tw…
The building of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (CCBA), Portland, was built in 1911 with funds raised by the local Chinese community, and is one of the best-preserv…
Astoria lies at the mouth of the Columbia River; in the late nineteenth century the salmon canning industry drew a large number of Chinese laborers there, forming a waterfront Chin…
In 1902 the Seattle Post-Intelligencer recorded that Seattle had two joss houses, both housed on two floors of the same building in an alley off Washington Street: the lower floor …
Bing Kung Tong is one of the major tongs in North America. Its Seattle branch dedicated a new shrine in 1917 in its meeting hall at Eighth Avenue and King Street; at the time, news…
The Gee How Oak Tin Family Association Shrine in Seattle was established in 1900 by immigrants of the Chan, Woo and Yuen surnames; a shrine was set up in the recessed balcony room …
The Lung Kong Tin Yee Association Shrine in Seattle is located within the Kong Yick Building on King Street, completed in 1910; a photograph from 1911 records its shrine room behin…
The founding date of the Chong Wa Benevolent Association in Seattle is generally given as ‘about 1900’ or as its 1910 incorporation, but account books from the renchen (1892) and g…
The Beuk Aie Temple was one of the largest Chinese temples in the interior Northwest. First built in 1870 at the corner of First Street and B Street, it moved to 513 C Street in 18…
The Suijing Bo Temple in Boise was built around the 1880s as a simple timber-frame structure, dedicated principally to Suijing Bo (Chen Zhongzhen), a local protector deity and plag…
In 1902 the Chee Kung Tong (Chinese Freemasons) of Boise completed a three-story brick building, with its second floor converted into a Guandi Temple, lavishly furnished and dedica…
The Chinese Masonic Hall of Boise stood at the corner of Seventh Street and Front Street, with a temple inside the hall; its principal deity was a bronze image referred to as ‘Chin…
Butte was the largest copper-mining city in Montana in the late nineteenth century, and its Chinese community ranked among the largest of the interior mountain states, with Chinato…
The Evanston Chinese Joss House was originally built in 1874 to serve the Chinese community that had settled in Uinta County on account of the Union Pacific Railroad and the coal m…
The On Leong Merchants Association Building was completed in 1926–1927, designed by the Norwegian-American architects Christian S. Michaelsen and Sigurd A. Rognstad, and is the mos…
Donghua Miao (the Eastern Glory Temple) is the only nineteenth-century urban great temple in North America documented to have enshrined Xuantian Shangdi (Beidi, the Northern Empero…
Fresno's Liesheng Gong is a two-story brick temple built with funds raised by the Chee Kung Tong in the early 1880s; the ground floor served as an assembly hall, the upper floor as…
This entry concerns the predecessor of the Bok Kai Temple. Marysville lies at the confluence of the Yuba and Feather Rivers; in the 1850s it was California's third-largest Chinatow…
The Xuan Wu San Temple in Los Angeles is located on Broadway at the northern end of New Chinatown; its name is taken from the Yuanshan Temple on Xuanwu Mountain at Jieshi, Lufeng, …
The Bun Thau Kong Temple was founded in 1999 by Houston's Teochew Chinese community, whose core membership consists of Teochew people who, after the 1970s, immigrated a second time…
The Fung Loy Kok Institute of Taoism was founded in Toronto in 1970 by Moy Lin-shin, together with its sister organization the International Taoist Tai Chi Society, forming one of …
The Wong Dai Sin Temple, Markham, opened in 2015, dedicated primarily to Wong Tai Sin (Huang Daxian), and belongs to the Fung Loy Kok Institute of Taoism; it was designed by Brigit…
The Tam Kung Temple, Victoria BC, is Canada's oldest Chinese temple, dedicated primarily to Tam Kung, a sea god venerated by Cantonese Hakka people. Its origins trace to the 1860s:…
The See Yup Temple, Melbourne, was first built as a wooden structure in 1856 and rebuilt as a permanent building in 1866 to a design by the architect George Wharton; it is Australi…
The Sze Yup Temple, Sydney, had its main hall completed in 1898, with the east and west halls added in 1904; it was founded by Sze Yup (Siyi) immigrants from Guangdong and is dedic…
The Bendigo Joss House Temple opened in 1871, dedicated primarily to Guandi, regarded as a wise judge, guide, protector, and bringer of wealth. It was built of locally handmade bri…
The Hou Wang Temple, Atherton, was built in 1903, dedicated primarily to Hou Wang, and constructed of local cedar, black bean timber, and corrugated iron; it is one of the oldest s…
The Yiu Ming Temple was built between 1908 and 1909, with interior fitting-out completed only in 1917; it was founded by immigrants from the counties of Gaoyao and Gaoming in Zhaoq…
The Holy Triad Temple (known to the Chinese as Sarm Sung Goon, and to Westerners as the Breakfast Creek Joss House) was built jointly in 1885–1886 by five major Cantonese clans of …
The Croydon Chinese Temple, built around the 1880s, was the largest known early Chinese temple in Queensland; its main structure measured twenty-two meters by six meters, oriented …
The Innisfail Lit Sung Goong ("Lit Sung" meaning "the assembled gods") stands in the sugar-cane and banana district of North Queensland; around 1883 more than half the population o…
The Cairns Lit Sung Goong was founded in 1886–1887 as the main temple of the Chinese community during the North Queensland gold-rush and settlement era; it was known locally as "Jo…
Cooktown was the gateway port of the Palmer River goldfield in the nineteenth century; in the 1870s tens of thousands of Chinese miners landed there, and it was for a time the most…
Lit Sung Goong in Rockhampton was a temple of the central Queensland Chinese community, its principal deity Guandi. Its significance lies in the rare, continuous record of acquisit…
Ravenswood was a gold-mining and ore-processing town in late-nineteenth-century North Queensland, where Chinese miners and market gardeners settled and built a temple. The temple b…
The Palmer River goldfield was Australia's largest alluvial goldfield; in the 1870s tens of thousands of Chinese miners flooded in, at one point making up the great majority of the…
In addition to the temples at Cairns, Cooktown, Croydon, Ravenswood, Rockhampton, Atherton, Innisfail, and Brisbane, Queensland's mining towns and sugar-growing districts once had …
Darwin's Chinese community was made up mostly of Cantonese laborers who came to work the goldfields and railway construction of the Northern Territory in the late nineteenth centur…
The Chung Wah Association of Western Australia was founded in 1909 and formally registered in 1910, the first ethnic community organization in Western Australia, established at a t…
The Golden Dragon Museum opened in 1991 on the site of one of Bendigo's former Chinatowns (now known as Dai Gum San), and is the first accredited museum in Victoria. The building c…
Num Pon Soon was a society hall established in Melbourne by fellow-provincials from the three counties of Nanhai, Panyu, and Shunde, its premises located at the heart of Chinatown …
Melbourne's Chinatown on Little Bourke Street took shape during the Victorian gold rush of the 1850s and is one of the longest continuously existing Chinese quarters in the souther…
Ararat is the only town in Australia founded by Chinese: in 1857, a group of Cantonese miners who had landed at Robe in South Australia and walked overland to avoid Victoria's entr…
The Chiesa Taoista d'Italia (Italian Taoist Church/Association) was founded in Caserta in 1993 by Vincenzo di Ieso (Daoist name Li Xuanzhong), one of the earliest Daoist organizati…
The Europe Taoist Federation was registered and established in 2019, led by Vincenzo di Ieso (Li Xuanzhong), founder of the Chiesa Taoista d'Italia, and is a transnational umbrella…
The British Daoist Association (BDA) was founded in 1996 by Shi Jing, a legally registered unincorporated membership association in the United Kingdom that has been recognized by t…
The British Museum was founded on 7 June 1753, one of the world's earliest public national museums; its Department of Asia oversees an extensive collection of Chinese artifacts, en…
The Association Française Taoïste was founded in 2001 by Dr. Karine Martin (Daoist name Jingxiu), the leading Daoist organization in France. The Association has long engaged in the…
The Musée national des arts asiatiques–Guimet was founded in Lyon in 1879 by Émile Guimet and relocated to Paris in 1889; it is one of the largest collections of Asian art outside …
The Templo de la Pureza y el Silencio (Qingjing Gong) was founded in 2005 by the Chinese Daoist priest Tian Chengyang, one of the earlier physical Daoist temples established in Eur…
The Deutsche Daoistische Vereinigung was founded in 2015 by Liu Chengyong, who established its associated temple the following year (2016); it is the leading Daoist organization in…
There are two main Daoist organizations in Switzerland: ATAOS (the Swiss Daoist Association), founded in 2007 by Fabrice Jordan (Daoist name Mingguang), and the QuanZhen-dao Schwei…
The Associação Daoista de Portugal was founded in Lisbon in 2010 by Jose Barreno (Daoist name Huang Jingyun), with an attached temple, and is the principal Daoist organization in P…
The Slovenian Daoist Temple of Supreme Harmony was founded in Koper in 2018 by Jure Čeh (Daoist name Yuan Weiqi), and is one of the few Daoist organizations in Europe with a physic…
The Daoist Association of Russia (Даосская Ассоциация России) was founded in 2021 by Li Jia and Cheng Bohan, and is the principal Daoist organization in the Russian-speaking world,…
L'Association taoïste de Belgique was founded in 2011, belongs to the Europe Taoist Federation network, and operates as an association without a fixed temple. Its activities center…
The Sociedade Taoísta do Brasil was established on 15 January 1991, founded by the Taipei-born Daoist priest Wu Jyh Cherng (1958–2004), and belongs to the Zhengyi lineage (Ordem Or…
The cult of Guandi among Peru's Chinese community exists in the form of an altar within a clan association hall: the Guandi (Kuan Kung) altar of Lima's Chinatown is housed within t…
The Kwan Tee Pagoda in Mauritius was built in 1842 by the first generation of Chinese immigrants, its principal deity Guandi (Kwan Tee) — venerated as god of wealth, of war, and of…
The Kwan Tee Pagoda of the Nam Shun Fooy Koon was built in 1895 within the grounds of the Nam Shun Fooy Koon (South Shun Benevolent Society), immediately adjacent to the Champ de M…
The Tin Hao Pagoda was built in 1896 within the compound of the Nam Shun Fooy Koon in Port Louis, standing alongside the Kwan Tee Pagoda on the same site, together forming the twin…
The Chinatown of Port Louis was established by more than 3,000 immigrants who crossed the sea from Guangzhou between the 1780s and the early nineteenth century, and is one of the o…
Kim Tek Ie was originally named Kwan Im Teng (Guanyin Pavilion), built in 1650 under the auspices of a Chinese kapitan, and is the oldest surviving Chinese temple in Jakarta. It wa…
Sam Poo Kong (called the Sam Poo Temple by the Chinese) is located in Semarang, Central Java, and is traditionally said to be the site where Zheng He's Ming-dynasty treasure fleet …
Boen Tek Bio (Hokkien pronunciation, meaning "Temple of Literature and Virtue") is the oldest Chinese temple in Tangerang. Its founding is generally given as 1684, and the earliest…
Boen San Bio is the second-oldest Chinese temple in Tangerang; temple tradition holds that it was founded around 1689, though this lacks independent documentary support. It is dedi…
Toa Se Bio (generally named after its Hokkien pronunciation) stands in the Glodok Chinatown of Jakarta, not far from Kim Tek Ie, and is dedicated principally to Xuanwu (Hian Thian …
Klenteng Ancol (the Tua Pek Kong Temple at Ancol) stands on the North Jakarta waterfront; temple tradition holds that it was founded in the mid-seventeenth century. Its most distin…
Hok Tek Bio stands at the head of Jalan Suryakencana in Bogor, and is the core temple of Bogor's Chinese quarter. It is dedicated principally to Fude Zhengshen (Hok Tek Tjeng Sin),…
Tay Kak Sie Temple was built in 1746 on Gang Lombok lane in the Chinatown of Semarang, and is one of the largest and most actively worshipped Chinese temples in Central Java. Origi…
Tien Kok Sie Temple was built in 1745, the same year the Surakarta royal court (Keraton Surakarta) was relocated and rebuilt from Kartasura, and stands beside the Great Market (Pas…
Klenteng Poncowinatan (also known as Fuk Ling Miau, the "Temple of Blessed Numinosity") was built in 1881 on land granted by Sultan Hamengkubuwono VII of Yogyakarta, and is the mos…
Vihara Satya Budhi (Klenteng Hiap Thian Kiong) was built in 1885, and is Bandung's oldest and largest Chinese temple. Its name "Xietian" (Hiap Thian) derives from Lord Guan's honor…
Klenteng Talang is located in the old port district of Cirebon and is one of the oldest Chinese temples on the north coast of West Java; the temple's own tradition claims it was fo…
Klenteng Cu An Kiong is the oldest Chinese temple in the town of Lasem on the north coast of Java, generally traced back to the early eighteenth century or earlier. Lasem is known …
Klenteng Gie Yong Bio was built in 1780 and is an extremely unusual temple in Indonesia — the object of its worship is not a traditional deity but the commanders of the combined Ch…
Klenteng Hong Tiek Hian is the oldest Chinese temple in Surabaya, located within Chinatown. Temple and local-gazetteer tradition traces it back to the period when the Mongol Yuan e…
Klenteng Hok An Kiong is located in Surabaya's Chinatown and is dedicated mainly to Mazu, serving as the principal temple of Surabaya's Hokkien-descended Chinese community. Account…
Boen Bio was founded in 1883 and relocated to its present site in 1907; it is the most important surviving Confucian temple in Indonesia and one of the central sites of Indonesian …
Klenteng Eng An Kiong was built in 1825 by Kwee Sam Hway, the Chinese Kapitan of Malang, and is the most important Chinese temple in Malang, East Java. It is dedicated mainly to Ho…
Vihara Gunung Timur (whose Indonesian name means 'Eastern Mountain Temple,' corresponding to the Chinese 'Dongyue,' the Eastern Peak) is the largest Chinese Daoist temple in Medan …
Ing Hok Kiong is the oldest of the more than one hundred Chinese temples in Bagansiapiapi, Riau Province. Tradition holds that Bagansiapiapi was founded by a group of Hokkien (some…
Soei Goeat Kiong (Klenteng Chandra Nadi) stands on the south bank of the Musi River in Palembang; the temple's own history holds it was built in 1733, and it is generally regarded …
Kwan Tie Bio stands in the town center of Pontianak, capital of West Kalimantan Province, dedicated primarily to Guan Shengdijun (Lord Guan), and is the principal temple of the loc…
The Tua Pek Kong Temple (formally Vihara/Klenteng Tri Dharma Bumi Raya), built in 1878, is the oldest Chinese temple and a city landmark of Singkawang. Ethnic Chinese make up over …
Ling Gwan Kiong, built in 1873, stands in the old harbor district of Singaraja in northern Bali, and is one of the most important Chinese temples on the island. During the Dutch co…
Klenteng Xian Ma stands in the Chinese quarter of Makassar, capital of South Sulawesi Province, dedicated primarily to Tianshang Shengmu (Mazu), with Guanyin, Guandi and Fude Zheng…
San Chaopho Suea, popularly known as the "Tiger God Shrine" (Thai: San Chaopho Suea), was founded by Teochew-descended Chinese in 1834, during the reign of Rama III, and is dedicat…
Leng Buai Ia Shrine was founded by Teochew merchants in the old market (Talat Kao) of Bangkok's Chinatown, and is one of the oldest surviving Chinese temples in Bangkok. It is dedi…
Chow Sue Kong Shrine was founded in 1804 on the initiative of a wealthy merchant of the Su clan from Quanzhou, and is dedicated chiefly to Master Qingshui (清水祖师, the "Patriarch of …
Pung Thao Kong Shrine was founded in 1876, is the oldest surviving Chinese temple in Chiang Mai, and is the central landmark of Chiang Mai's Chinatown, around the Warorot Market. I…
Kathu Shrine is one of the oldest Chinese temples in Phuket, and is widely recognized as the birthplace of Phuket's Nine Emperor Gods Vegetarian Festival (known in Thai as the Vege…
Jui Tui Shrine is the most important Chinese temple in Phuket Town, dedicated chiefly to the Nine Emperor Gods and Doumu. The opening ceremony of the Nine Emperor Gods Vegetarian F…
Bang Neow Shrine (Thai: San Chao Bang Neow, also called Tao Bo Keng) was founded in 1904, is dedicated chiefly to the Nine Emperor Gods and Doumu, and is one of Phuket's three grea…
After the Arrow River gold rush subsided in 1865, the Otago Provincial Council recruited Chinese miners from the Victorian goldfields to continue mining, and the Arrowtown Chinese …
Lawrence was the starting point of the Otago gold rush in New Zealand (gold was discovered in Gabriel's Gully in 1861), and the Chinese camp outside the town was once the largest C…
Lan Yuan (meaning ‘Garden of Enduring Wistfulness’) is the southernmost Chinese-style garden in the southern hemisphere, opened in 2008; its design follows the literati gardens of …
The Wellington Chee Kung Tong (English name: Wellington Chinese Masonic Society) was established in 1907 as a branch in New Zealand of the Hung League, which originated in the seve…
The Kanti Temple (Kanti being the Cantonese pronunciation of Guandi) is the only Chinese temple on Tahiti, located in the Mamao district of Papeete. Records indicate that an earlie…
Fiji's Chinese population numbers about 7,500, some 1.2 percent of the national population; roughly eighty percent speak Cantonese as their mother tongue, with another sixteen perc…
The Barrio Chino de La Habana is the oldest Chinatown in the Caribbean, at its height spanning some forty-five city blocks and combining residences, businesses, association halls, …
The Min Chih Tang (Chee Kung Tong) of Havana was founded by Chinese immigrants in Cuba in early 1887; the organization's roots trace back to the anti-Qing secret-society tradition …
The Lung Kong Cun Sol (in Cuba, Casa Abuelo Lung Kong) is a clan federation uniting the four surnames Liu, Guan, Zhang, and Zhao, taking its meaning from the Peach Garden oath of b…
The Casino Chung Wah is the highest umbrella organization of Cuba's Chinese community, uniting the various native-place associations, clan associations, and lodges; it once maintai…
La Chinesca is the largest Chinatown in Mexico, located in Mexicali, the capital of Baja California. Chinese laborers first came to build the irrigation system of the Mexicali Vall…
The Asociación China de Mexicali was established in 1919, the core umbrella association of the local Chinese community, brought about through the joint effort of existing bodies su…
The Asociación Chung Shan de Baja California, Mexicali, was founded in 1915 as a native-place organization for immigrants from Xiangshan (Zhongshan), Guangdong — four years before …
Mexico City's Chinatown (Barrio Chino) is centered on Calle Dolores and covers only two blocks, far smaller in scale than Mexicali's La Chinesca; it took shape in the early twentie…
The Sociedad Religiosa y de Beneficencia Yan Wo is located on Calle Carlos A. Mendoza in Panama City's Chinatown. Its principal deity is Guandi (known locally as Kuan Kung or Kuan …
Panama's first Chinatown was built along Salsipuedes on the slope of El Javillo, where the Chinese constructed temples, association halls and gambling houses to maintain their cust…
The Chinese Benevolent Association of Jamaica was founded in 1891 and is the core institution of Jamaica's Chinese community; it went on to establish a Chinese sanatorium, a Chines…
The Chinese Cemetery in Kingston was founded and is administered by the Chinese Benevolent Association, established in 1891, and belongs alongside the Chinese sanatorium, the Chine…
Kong Ngie Tong Sang (廣義堂) is one of the principal Chinese community association halls in Suriname, located in the capital Paramaribo, with a Bak Mei (White Eyebrow) martial arts sc…
Buenos Aires's Chinatown lies in the Belgrano district, covering roughly five by two blocks, formed mainly when immigrants from Taiwan, Hong Kong and coastal southern China settled…
The Pagode Guan Di in Saint-Pierre was completed in 1920; its predecessor was a meeting hall established by Hakka immigrants from Meixian in the 1920s — these Hakka immigrants had …
On the rue Sainte-Anne in Saint-Denis, the capital of Réunion, three Chinese temples stand side by side, all dedicated to Guandi — venerated as god of loyalty, righteousness and ma…
The Centre Guan Di at Terre-Sainte was completed in 2017 on the heights of Terre-Sainte in the town of Saint-Pierre, a recently built religious site of Réunion's Chinese community,…
The Chinese community of Madagascar numbers roughly 70,000 to 100,000 (2011 estimate), the third-largest Chinese community in Africa. The first documented Chinese immigrant arrived…
The history of the Chinese in South Africa can be traced back to convicts exiled to the Cape by the Dutch East India Company from Batavia in the 1660s, yet from 1660 until the end …
Nan Hua Temple was built in South Africa by Taiwan's Fo Guang Shan order, located in Bronkhorstspruit, about an hour's drive northeast of Johannesburg; it is the largest Buddhist m…
Old Chinatown in Kolkata is located around the Tiretta Bazar area of central Kolkata, the oldest and most temple-dense Chinese quarter in South Asia. Chinese began settling here fr…
Nam Soon Church is located at 13 Damzen Lane, founded around 1820, and is said by some to be the oldest surviving Chinese temple in Kolkata. It was established by immigrants from t…
Choonghee Dong Thien Haue Church is located on the second floor of 32 Blackburn Lane, founded in 1858 by the Hakka community, dedicated principally to Tianhou (Tien Hou, that is, M…
Sea Ip Church is located at 22/1 Chattawala Lane, facing the main street of Tiretta Bazar; the present building dates from 1905, though its origins are placed either in 1882 or in …
Toong On Church is located at 22 Blackburn Lane, founded in 1924 by laborers who had immigrated from Guangdong and worked at a sugar refinery in Kolkata, dedicated principally to G…
Gee Hing Church stands at 13 Black Burn Lane; its present building dates from 1920, though its origins are said by some to go back to 1888, and it is dedicated chiefly to Guandi. "…
Sea Voi Yune Leong Futh Church stands at 17 Black Burn Lane, founded in 1908 by immigrants from Xinhui (Se-Wui) in Guangdong; the building is a red, circular structure, and is the …
Choong Yee Thong Church stands at 19 Meredith Street, established in 1920; the building originally housed a Chinese-language school, and a temple was later set up on its rooftop, d…
The rooftop temple of Pei May School stands on Ishwar Mondal Lane in the new Chinatown of Tangra, established in 1929 and dedicated chiefly to Guandi and the God of Wealth. Pei May…
This temple stands at 104 D/1 Matheswartala Road in the new Chinatown of Tangra, near the Chinatown archway, in a triangular building with the shrine hall on the ground floor. The …
The Chinese Kali Temple stands beside Matheswartala Road in Tangra, dedicated chiefly to the Hindu goddess Kali and to Shiva, and is managed and maintained by the local Chinese com…
Hsuan Tsang Monastery was founded in 1968 in Adarsha Nagar, southeast of Kolkata, as a monastery of Chinese Buddhism, named after the Tang-dynasty monk Xuanzang, who traveled to In…
The Shing Yin Temple is located at 82/1B, Tangra; the building is relatively new and the site is Buddhist, chiefly venerating the Buddha, open daily for one hour each in the mornin…
The Calcutta Chinese Buddhist Temple is located at 426 Jessore Road in Lake Town in the northern suburbs; its founding year is given variously as 1962 or 1972. The temple occupies …
The Kwan Tai Shek Temple in Mumbai (locally known as Kwan Tai Shek, i.e., the Stone of Guandi or Shrine of Guandi) is located in the old Chinese quarter around Nawab Tank Road in M…